Updates? Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Giorgio de Chirico (10 de xunetu de 1888, Volos - 20 de payares de 1978, Roma) foi un pintor italianu nacíu en Bolos, Grecia, de pás italianos.De Chirico ye famosu ente abondes otres coses por crear el movimientu artísticu scuola metafisica.. Estudió arte n'Atenes y Florencia, anantes de colar a Alemaña en 1906, u entró n'Academia de Belles Artes de Münich. De Chirico returned to Italy in the summer of 1909 and spent six months in Milan. "[34] Several of Sylvia Plath's poems are influenced by de Chirico. Giorgio de Chirico adalah seorang pelukis asal Italia yang lahir pada tanggal 10 Juli 1888 di Volos, Yunani dan meninggal pada tanggal 19 November 1978 di Roma, Italia. Born in the Greek port city of Volos, Giorgio de Chirico was the son of Italian parents. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Giorgio-de-Chirico, Guggenheim - Biography of Giorgio De Chirico, The Art Story - Biography of Giorgio De Chirico, Art Encyclopedia - Biography of Giorgio de Chirico, Giorgio de Chirico - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). Jeho raná tvorba významně ovlivnila surrealisty, ačkoliv on sám se od nich později distancoval.Časem se orientoval na klasickou figurální malbu. Volos 1888 - Rom 1978. [39][40][41], The box art for Fumito Ueda's PlayStation 2 game Ico sold in Japan and Europe was strongly influenced by de Chirico. [13] The picture space often featured illogical, contradictory, and drastically receding perspectives. Giorgio De Chirico (Italian, July 10, 1888–November 20, 1978) was a notable Surrealist painter and graphic artist who founded the Metaphysical Art movement. [22] He also denounced many paintings attributed to him in public and private collections as forgeries. After 1919, he became a critic of modern art, studied traditional painting techniques, and worked in a neoclassical or neo-Baroque style, while frequently revisiting the metaphysical themes of his earlier work. Gale, Matthew (2003, January 01). The founder of the Metaphysical art movement, Giorgio de Chirico was an Italian (Born in Volos,Greece)surrealist painter, whose work implied a metaphysical questioning of reality. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). [25], De Chirico's best-known works are the paintings of his metaphysical period. Biografia. It contracts the near and the far, enchanting one's sense of space. ‘The Child's Brain’ was created in 1917 by Giorgio de Chirico in Metaphysical art style. His parents encouraged his artistic development, and from a young age he took a strong interest in Greek mythology, perhaps because Volos was the port the Argonauts were supposed to have set sail from to retrieve the Golden … Omissions? He also worked in etching and sculpture. He resented this, as he thought his later work was better and more mature. Both of his parents were from different descents as his mother was a Genoan while the father was Sicilian. Jahrhunderts 1880–1940", by Giulio Carlo Argan, 1990, p. 201. The element of mystery in de Chirico’s paintings dwindled after 1919, when he became interested in the technical methods of the Italian classical tradition. Giorgio De Chirico (n. 10 iulie 1888, Volos, Grecia – d. 20 noiembrie 1978, Roma, Italia ), cunoscut și ca Népo, a fost un pictor suprarealist italian, poate cel mai enigmatic exponent al artei figurative din secolul al XX-lea. de Chirico did not produce any other long-form writing.He was and remains primarily known as a painter, especially for his scenes of deserted cityscapes, such as The Soothsayer's Recompense and The Enigma of the Hour.. Karier. In the years before World War I, he founded the scuola metafisica art movement, which profoundly influenced the surrealists. There, he worked with the Greek artists Georgios Roilos and Georgios Jakobides. [21] They soon parted ways in acrimony. In the years before World War I, he founded the Scuola metafisica art movement. There, he also studied the works of Arnold Böcklin and Max Klinger. By 1910 de Chirico was living in Florence, where he began painting a unique series of landscapes that included The Enigma of an Autumn Afternoon (1910), in which the long, sinister, and illogical shadows cast by unseen objects onto empty city spaces contrast starkly with bright, clear light that is rendered in brooding green tonalities. The visual style of the French animated film Le Roi et l'oiseau, by Paul Grimault and Jacques Prévert, was influenced by de Chirico's work, primarily via Tanguy, a friend of Prévert. Some comparison can be made to the long takes in Antonioni's films from the 1960s, in which the camera continues to linger on desolate cityscapes populated by a few distant figures, or none at all, in the absence of the film's protagonists. [15] In Ferrara he met with Carlo Carrà and together they founded the pittura metafisica movement. Baldacci, Paolo & Fagiolo Dell’Arco, Maurizio (1982). His father, Evaristo de Chirico worked as a railway engineer. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Together they moved to Italy in 1932 and to the US in 1936,[10] finally settling in Rome in 1944. His time in Paris also resulted in the production of Chirico's Ariadne. De Chirico won praise for his work almost immediately from the writer Guillaume Apollinaire, who helped to introduce his work to the later Surrealists. [26] According to Sanford Schwartz, de Chirico—whose father was a railroad engineer—painted images that suggest "the way you take in buildings and vistas from the perspective of a train window. Corrections? Find more prominent pieces of allegorical painting at Wikiart.org – best visual art database. Gabriele Tinti composed three poems[36] inspired by de Chirico's paintings: The Nostalgia of the Poet (1914),[37] The Uncertainty of the Poet (1913), and Ariadne (1913),[38] works in the Peggy Guggenheim Collection, the Tate, and the Metropolitan Museum of Art, respectively. In 1974 de Chirico was elected to the French Académie des Beaux-Arts. [24] During the 1960s, Massimiliano Fuksas worked in his atelier. Giorgio de Chirico was born in 1888 in Greece. In 1948 he bought a house near the Spanish Steps; now the Giorgio de Chirico House Museum, a museum dedicated to his work. In The Joy of Return, 1915, de Chirico's train has once more entered the city ... a bright ball of vapor hovers directly above its smokestack. Grove Art Online. [32] Michelangelo Antonioni, the Italian film director, also said he was influenced by de Chirico. The Italian painter and graphic artist Giorgio de Chirico was born in Volvos, Greece, on July 7, 1888. ), grčko-talijanski slikar; osnivač metafizičke Å¡kole slikarstva i preteča nadrealizma. De Chirico's style has influenced several filmmakers, particularly in the 1950s through 1970s. Bersama dengan Carlo Carrà dan Giorgio Morandi, dia telah menemukan gaya penglusikan metafisika (Metaphysical painting). During 1913 he exhibited paintings at the Salon des Indépendants and Salon d’Automne; his work was noticed by Pablo Picasso and Guillaume Apollinaire, and he sold his first painting, The Red Tower. Han är mest känd för sina metafysiska målningar från 1910-talet. Pontiggia, Elena, & Gazzaneo, Giovanni (2012), This page was last edited on 5 January 2021, at 03:22. Giorgio de Chirico Biography Giorgio de Chirico was born in Greece into the family of an Italian railroad engineer and later studied in Athens, Florence and Munich, where he was much influenced by Nietzsche's philosophy and Arnold Böcklin's Symbolist art. Umjetnički se obrazovao u Ateni, Firenci i Münchenu (od 1906.) Giorgio DE CHIRICO (1888-1978) (Italy) is an artist born in 1888 The oldest auction result ever registered on the website for an artwork by this artist is a painting sold in 1983, at Binoche, and the most recent auction result is a print-multiple sold in 2021. 1978), grčko-talijanski slikar Umjetnički se obrazovao u Ateni, 1906. se preselio u München i tamo postao članom umjetničke akademije. In 1992 his remains were moved to the Roman church of San Francesco a Ripa. His father was an engineer working on the construction of the Greek railway system and his mother was a noblewoman of Genoese origin. Giorgio De Chirico (1888 - 1978) was active/lived in Italy, France, Greece. [28], In this, he resembles his more representational American contemporary, Edward Hopper: their pictures' low sunlight, their deep and often irrational shadows, their empty walkways and portentous silences creating an enigmatic visual poetry.[29]. Giorgio de Chirico (Volos, Grčka, 10. srpnja 1888. Godine 1909. vratio se u Italiju.. Utemeljitelj je metafizičke Å¡kole u slikarstvu. In de Chirico’s paintings of this period, such as the Grand Metaphysical Interior (1917) and The Seer (1915), the colours are brighter, and dressmakers’ mannequins, compasses, biscuits, and paintings on easels assume a mysterious significance within enigmatic landscapes or interiors. In the years before World War I, he founded the scuola metafisica art movement, which profoundly influenced the surrealists. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. gdje je postao članom umjetničke akademije. Giorgio de Chirico, född 10 juli 1888 i Volos, Grekland, död 20 november 1978 i Rom, Italien, var en italiensk målare, scenograf, illustratör, grafiker och skulptör . Index biographique des membres et associés de l'Académie royale de Belgique (1769–2005), p. 72. The poems were read by actor Burt Young at the Met in 2016. Diagnosed with a nervous condition, he was admitted into a military hospital, where he met Carlo Carrà in 1917; together the two artists developed the style they named Metaphysical painting. 1906-ban, miután meghalt apja, Münchenbe költözött a családdal együtt, és tanulmányait az ottani akadémián folytatta, ahova elsősorban Arnold Böcklin vonzotta. Giorgio de Chirico (IPA: ˈdʒɔrdʒo deˈkiriko; 10. Născut în Volos, Grecia dintr-o mamă grecoaică și un tată sicilian, de Chirico este fondatorul La scuola metafisica în arte. He wrote essays on art and other subjects, and in 1929 published a novel entitled Hebdomeros, the Metaphysician. At the time of his birth, his father was managing the construction of a railroad in Greece. Son père, Evaristo , amateur d'art et de voile, ingénieur de Palerme chargé de la construction de lignes de chemin de fer, lui fait découvrir la Grèce antique. Giuseppe Maria Alberto Giorgio de Chirico was born in Volos, Greece, as the eldest son of Gemma Cervetto and Evaristo de Chirico. In November 1919, de Chirico published an article in Valori plastici entitled "The Return of Craftsmanship", in which he advocated a return to traditional methods and iconography. Artprice.com's price levels for this artist are based on 6,326 auction results. He became an outspoken opponent of modern art. Also in 1929, he made stage designs for Sergei Diaghilev.[10]. In 1905, tragedy shook the family as their father passed away. Giorgio de Chirico (Volos, Grecia; 10 de julio de 1888 – Roma; 20 de noviembre de 1978) fue un pintor italiano nacido en Grecia de padres italianos. Giorgio de Chirico (10 July 1888 – 20 November 1978) was an Italian painter and writer. [9][10] The style of his earliest paintings, such as The Dying Centaur (1909), shows the influence of Böcklin.[8]. His father, named Evaristo De Chirico, was a railroad engineer. He sent his son to study drawing and painting at Athens Polytechnic beginning in 1900. Giorgio De Chirico was born on July 10, 1888, in Volos, the capital of Thessaly, Greece. In July 1911 he spent a few days in Turin on his way to Paris. Giorgio de Chirico was born in Volos, Greece to Italian parents. ("What shall I love if not the enigma? "[30] Other artists as diverse as Giorgio Morandi, Carlo Carrà, Paul Delvaux, Carel Willink, Harue Koga and Philip Guston were influenced by de Chirico. Born in Rome, he developed a keen interest in art in childhood and was also moved by philosophical writings. He also painted The Enigma of the Oracle while in Florence. De Chirico strongly influenced the Surrealist movement: Yves Tanguy wrote how one day in 1922 he saw one of de Chirico's paintings in an art dealer's window, and was so impressed by it he resolved on the spot to become an artist—although he had never even held a brush. References. After Evaristo de Chirico's death in 1905, the family relocated in 1906 to Germany, after first visiting Florence. Giorgio de Chirico Biography. 1888.- Rim, 20.11. He was born in Volos, a coastal city of Thessaly, and was encouraged by his father from a young age to cultivate a passion for art. [8] De Chirico entered the Academy of Fine Arts in Munich, where he studied under Gabriel von Hackl and Carl von Marr and read the writings of the philosophers Friedrich Nietzsche, Arthur Schopenhauer and Otto Weininger. Through his brother he met Pierre Laprade, a member of the jury at the Salon d'Automne, where he exhibited three of his works: Enigma of the Oracle, Enigma of an Afternoon and Self-Portrait. Giorgio de Chirico Biography An Italian painter born in Greece in 1888, Giorgio de Chirico was the founder of the Metaphysical painting movement along with alongside the painter Carlo Carrà. In 1958, Riverside Records used a reproduction of de Chirico's 1915 painting The Seer (originally painted as a tribute to French poet Arthur Rimbaud) as the cover art for pianist Thelonious Monk's live album Misterioso. Giorgio De Chirico a un frère cadet, Andrea Francesco Alberto de Chirico, connu comme l'écrivain, peintre et compositeur Alberto Savinio. Brandani, Edoardo (a cura di), Di Genova, Giorgio, Bonfiglioli, Patrizia (1999). Soon, their mother traveled with them to Munich. [17], In the early 1920s, the Surrealist writer André Breton discovered one of de Chirico's metaphysical paintings on display in Guillaume's Paris gallery, and was enthralled. His imagery reflects his affinity for the philosophy of Arthur Schopenhauer and of Friedrich Nietzsche, and for the mythology of his birthplace. The one-eyed figure represented the visionary. Giorgio de Chirico Born July 10, 1888 Volos, Greece Died November 20, 1978 (at age 90) Rome, Italy Nationality Italian Education Academy of Fine Arts in Munich Movement Scuola metafisica, Surrealism Field Painting, Sculpture, Drawing, Costume and Stage design Works View Complete Works Giorgio de Chirico (1888-1978) was an Italian artist who was known for Ed. The name means "Metaphysical school".The Scuola metafisica was a big influence on the surrealist painters. Životopis. Starting from 1918, his work was exhibited extensively in Europe. [16] This article heralded an abrupt change in his artistic orientation, as he adopted a classicizing manner inspired by such old masters as Raphael and Signorelli, and became part of the post-war return to order in the arts. His imagery reflects his affinity for the philosophy of Arthur Schopenhauer and of Friedrich Nietzsche, and for the mythology of his birthplace. Among de Chirico's most frequent motifs were arcades, of which he wrote: "The Roman arcade is fate ... its voice speaks in riddles which are filled with a peculiarly Roman poetry".[14]. In these works, such as The Soothsayer’s Recompense (1913) and The Mystery and Melancholy of a Street (1914), classical statues, dark arcades, and small, isolated figures are overpowered by their own shadows and by severe, oppressive architecture. He began to paint in a neoclassical style. Other Surrealists who acknowledged de Chirico's influence include Max Ernst, Salvador Dalí, and René Magritte, who described his first sighting of de Chirico's The Song of Love as "one of the most moving moments of my life: my eyes saw thought for the first time. At the outbreak of World War I, he returned to Italy. července 1888 Volos, Řecko – 20. listopadu 1978 Řím), řecko-italský malíř a grafik.Byl hlavním představitelem tzv. Beginning in 1900, de Chirico studied drawing and painting at Athens Polytechnic—mainly under the guidance of the Greek painters Georgios Roilos and Georgios Jakobides. His father was an engineer working on the construction of the Greek railway system and his mother was a noblewoman of Genoese origin. Giorgio de Chirico ( Vólos, Grécia, 10 de julho de 1888 — Roma, 20 de novembro de 1978 ), foi um pintor italiano. De Chirico moved to Paris in July 1911, where he joined his brother Andrea. [44], Giuseppe Maria Alberto Giorgio de Chirico. In them he developed a repertoire of motifs—empty arcades, towers, elongated shadows, mannequins, and trains among others—that he arranged to create "images of forlornness and emptiness" that paradoxically also convey a feeling of "power and freedom". [43], The music video for the David Bowie song "Loving the Alien" was partly influenced by de Chirico. His early style was influenced by Arnold Böcklin’s and Max Klinger’s paintings, which juxtapose the fantastic with the commonplace. After 1919, he became interested in more traditional ways of painting. In the years before World War I, he founded the Scuola metafisica art movement. [7] His younger brother, Andrea Francesco Alberto, became a famous writer, painter and composer under the pseudonym of Alberto Savinio. In 1930, de Chirico met his second wife, Isabella Pakszwer Far (1909-1990), a Russian, with whom he would remain for the rest of his life. [19], De Chirico met and married his first wife, the Russian ballerina Raissa Gurievich (1894-1979) in 1925, and together they moved to Paris. Bowie was an admirer of his genderless tailors' dummies. Fagiolo Dell’Arco, Maurizio, & Cavallo, Luigi (1985). After studying art in Athens and Florence, de Chirico moved to Germany in 1906 and entered the Munich Academy of Fine Arts. Et quid amabo nisi quod aenigma est? The shop windows of that town inspired a series of paintings that feature biscuits, maps, and geometric constructions in indoor settings. In 1915 de Chirico was conscripted into the Italian army and stationed at Ferrara, Italy. see the entry on de Chirico in "Propyläen Kunstgeschichte, Die Kunst des 20. Here, Gi… Giorgio de Chirico (Volos, 10 juli 1888 - Rome, 20 november 1978) was een Grieks-Italiaanse schilder.. Biografie. Christina Britzolakis, "Conversation amongst the Ruins: Plath and de Chirico", in Connors & Bayley, eds., '. Giorgio de Chirico was an Italian artist who co-founded the genre of ‘metaphysical painting’ which had a profound influence on the Surrealists. Giorgio de Chirico (Volos, Grčka, 10.7. Writers who have appreciated de Chirico include John Ashbery, who has called Hebdomeros "probably ... the finest [major work of Surrealist fiction]. Biography of Giorgio De Chirico. Peter E. Bondanella & Andrea Ciccarelli (eds.). ")—this question, inscribed by the young artist on his self-portrait in 1911, is their subtext. Or possibly it is a cloud on the horizon, lit by the sun that never penetrates the buildings, in the last electric blue silence of dusk. In 1939, he adopted a neo-Baroque style influenced by Rubens. De Chirico interest in art made him enroll for his art studies at Higher School of Fine Arts located in Athens. Rolando Caputo. [10] He continued to paint, and in 1918, he transferred to Rome. [35] In his book Blizzard of One Mark Strand included a poetic diptych called "Two de Chiricos": "The Philosopher's Conquest" and "The Disquieting Muses". [20] His relationship with the Surrealists grew increasingly contentious, as they publicly disparaged his new work; by 1926 he had come to regard them as "cretinous and hostile". Giorgio de Chirico az athéni Politechnikai Főiskolán tanult, amely műszaki és művészeti képzést is nyújtott. Giorgio de Chirico is most well known for his metaphysical paintings which influenced the Surrealists to come. De Chirico’s Metaphysical paintings exercised a profound influence on the painters of the Surrealist movement in the 1920s. Giorgio de Chirico (Italian, 1888–1978) Giorgio De Chirico was born on 10th July 1888 in Volos, the capital of Thessaly (Greece). Giorgio de Chirico was an Italian artist and writer born in Greece. After studying art in Athens and Florence, de Chirico moved to Germany in 1906 and entered the Munich Academy of Fine Arts. - Rim, 20. studenog 1978. Royal Academy of Science, Letters and Fine Arts of Belgium, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Gare Montparnasse (The Melancholy of Departure), "Giorgio de Chirico | Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico", "The Origins of Adelaide Mabili and Her Marriage to Giorgio De Chirico: Restoration of the Historical Truth", "Figure 1: The map depicts in dotted lines the successive moves of de...", The Cambridge Companion to the Italian Novel, "The Nostalgia of the Poet – a project by Gabriele Tinti - Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico", "Gabriele Tinti: La nostalgia del poeta, Omaggio a Giorgio de Chirico", "Gabriele Tinti: La nostalgia del poeta, Omaggio a Giorgio De Chirico (2)", "Giorgio de Chirico - Argonaut of the Soul", http://www.fondazionedechirico.org/pubblicazioni/autori/de-chirico-and-the-united-kingdom-c-1916-1978/?lang=en, "The Spirits Released: De Chirico and Metaphysical Perspective", "Railway Stations and Minotaurs: gender in the paintings of Giorgio de Chirico and Pablo Picasso", "Il rapporto tra Giorgio de Chirico e l`Inghilterra", List of works designed with the golden ratio, Viewpoints: Mathematical Perspective and Fractal Geometry in Art, European Society for Mathematics and the Arts, Goudreau Museum of Mathematics in Art and Science, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Giorgio_de_Chirico&oldid=998380222, Articles needing additional references from August 2019, All articles needing additional references, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2019, Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CANTIC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CINII identifiers, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz identifiers, Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers, Wikipedia articles with RKDartists identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with TePapa identifiers, Wikipedia articles with Trove identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. The name means "Metaphysical school".The Scuola metafisica was a big influence on the surrealist painters.